IN VITRO PROPAGATION

Source : https://www.tokopertanian99.com/2019/08/mengenal-lebih-dalam-metode-perbanyakan.html

Plant biotechnology is the cultivation of a plant tissue in vitro which is the same as conventional plant cultivation. Tissue culture is usually carried out by planting explants in the form of plant parts, cell tissue, sub-cellular in vitro with a specific purpose. In vitro plant propagation or tissue culture is a technique for isolating plant parts such as protoplasm, cells, tissues and organs grown under aseptic conditions, so that these parts can multiply and regenerate into whole plants again. The main principle of tissue culture technique is plant propagation using vegetative parts of plants on artificial media which is carried out in a sterile place. Propagation in vitro or tissue culture has advantages and disadvantages.

Some of the advantages of in vitro plant propagation, among others:

  1.       Factor multiplication

  2.       Not depending on the season

  3.       Planting material used a little so as not to damage the mother tree

  4.       Plants produced are free from disease

  5.       Does not require a very large area to produce many plants.

Meanwhile, the disadvantages of in vitro propagation include:

  1.       Requires relatively high up-front costs for laboratories and chemicals and requires special expertise to implement

  2.       In vitro technique can only be done in the laboratory

  3.       Constraints in planting material (explants), this is due to the presence of fungi and bacteria that still exist in plant tissues.

The stages in in vitro plant propagation are divided into 6 stages, namely: 1) media preparation, 2) initiation, 3) sterilization, 4) multiplication, 5) rooting and 6) acclimatization. Factors that support the success of in vitro propagation include: 1) plant genotype, 2) culture media, 3) growing environment (temperature, relative humidity, light), 4) explant conditions.

 

Source :

Balithi. 2018. Perbanyakan Tanaman Secara In Vitro. Diakses pada tanggal 20 Februari 2023, dari http://balithi.litbang.pertanian.go.id/berita-396-perbanyakan-tanaman-secara-in-vitro.html

Basri, A.H. 2016. Kajian Pemanfaatan Kultur Jaringan Dalam Perbanyakan Tanaman Bebas Virus. Agrica Ekstensia, 10(1): 64-73.

Khazija, S. 2021. Pengaruh Kinetin Dan NAA Terhadap Pertumbuhan Planet Nenas (Ananas comosus (L) Merr) Secara In Vitro. Skripsi. Universitas islam negeri sultan syarif kasim riau: pekan baru.

Nursetiadi, E. 2008. Kajian Macam Media Dan Konsentrasi Bap Terhadap Multiplikasi Tanaman Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) Secara In Vitro. Skripsi. Universitas Sebelas maret: Surakarta.